Croatian kuna
| Croatian kuna | |
|---|---|
| hrvatska kuna (Croatian) | |
 |
|
| ISO 4217 | |
| Code | HRK |
| Denominations | |
| Subunit | |
| 1/100 | lipa |
| Plural | The language(s) of this currency belong(s) to the Slavic languages. There is more than one way to construct plural forms. |
| Symbol | kn |
| lipa | lp |
| Banknotes | |
| Freq. used | 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500 kn |
| Rarely used | 5, 1000 kn |
| Coins | |
| Freq. used | 5, 10, 20, 50 lipa, 1, 2, 5 kn |
| Rarely used | 1, 2 lipa, 25 kn |
| Demographics | |
| Date of introduction | 30 May 1994 |
| User(s) |
 Croatia
|
| Issuance | |
| Central bank | Croatian National Bank |
| Website | www |
| Printer | Giesecke & Devrient |
| Website | www |
| Mint | Croatian Monetary Institute |
| Website | www |
| Valuation | |
| Inflation | −0.6% |
| Source | Croatian Bureau of Statistics, December 2015 |
| Method | CPI excluding rents and other gross fixed capital formation, lotteries and gambling, and life insurance |
The kuna is the currency of Croatia since 1994 (ISO 4217 code: HRK). It is subdivided into 100 lipa. The kuna is issued by the Croatian National Bank and the coins are minted by the Croatian Monetary Institute.
The word "" means "marten" in Croatian since it is based on the use of marten pelts as units of value in medieval trading. The word lipa means "linden (lime) tree".
During Roman times, in the provinces of upper and lower Pannonia (today Hungary and Slavonia), taxes were collected in the then highly valued marten skins. Hence, the Croatian word marturina or tax, derived from the Latin word martus ("marten"; in modern Croatian kuna). The kuna was a currency unit in several Slavic states, most notably Kievan Rus and its successors until the early 15th century. It was equal to 1⁄25 (later 1⁄50) gryvna of silver.
It has no relation to the various Slavic currencies named "koruna" (translated as kruna in Croatian) which means "crown".
In the Middle Ages, many foreign monies were used in Croatia, but since at least 1018 a local currency was in use. Between 1260 and 1380, Croatian Viceroys issued a marten-adorned silver coin called the banovac. However, the diminishing autonomy of Croatia within the Croatian-Hungarian Kingdom led to the gradual disappearance of that currency in the 14th century.
The idea of a kuna currency reappeared in 1939 when Banovina of Croatia, an autonomous province established within Kingdom of Yugoslavia, planned to issue its own money. In 1941, when the Ustaše regime formed the Independent State of Croatia, they introduced the Independent State of Croatia kuna. This currency remained in circulation until 1945, when it – along with competing issues by the communist Partisans – disappeared with the establishment of FPR Yugoslavia and was replaced by the Yugoslav dinar.
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Wikipedia