Crngrob
| Crngrob | |
|---|---|
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 Crngrob
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| Coordinates: 46°11′55.15″N 14°18′30.51″E / 46.1986528°N 14.3084750°ECoordinates: 46°11′55.15″N 14°18′30.51″E / 46.1986528°N 14.3084750°E | |
| Country |
 Slovenia
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| Traditional region | Upper Carniola |
| Statistical region | Upper Carniola |
| Municipality | Škofja Loka |
| Area | |
| • Total | 1.25 km2 (0.48 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 393.1 m (1,289.7 ft) |
| Population (2002) | |
| • Total | 33 |
Crngrob (pronounced [ˈtsəɾnɡɾɔp]; German: Ehrengruben) is a small village in the Municipality of Škofja Loka in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.
Crngrob was first attested in written sources as Erngrůb in 1291 (and as Errengrůb in 1318 and Erngruben in 1423). The Slovene name is borrowed from the Middle High German prepositional phrase ze Erngruben, literally 'at Erngrub'. The German name is a compound of ern 'to plow (up)' or erde '(fertile) soil' + gruobe 'depression, basin' and may refer to a mammoth rib dug up at the site (now hanging in the church), to a robber's hideout in a cave, or to the small fertile valley where the settlement is located. For similar Slovene geographical names based on foreign-language prepositional phrases of location, compare Cmurek, Cven, Dragonja, and Sostro. In the past the German name was Ehrengruben.
Crngrob was recorded in documents from the 13th century onward. Much of the history of the village is dominated by that of its church. During the Second World War, German forces attached the Partisan Selca Company above the village on 27 March 1942. Fifteen Partisans were killed in the attack.
Crngrob is the site of five known mass graves from the end of the Second World War. The Crngrob 1–5 mass graves (Slovene: Grobišče Crngrob 1–5)—also known as the Steps Mass Grave (Grobišče pri štengah) or the Balant Spruce Woods Mass Grave (Grobišča v Balantovem smrečju)—are located along a gravel path in the woods southwest of the settlement. They contain the remains of 200 to 300 victims, including leading members of the government of the Independent State of Croatia and their family members, and possibly Slovene Home Guard members as well. Most of the victims were murdered between May 22 and 25, 1945. Some were killed as early as May 20, and some also after May.
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