Crkvice

Crkvice (Serbian/Montenegrin Cyrillic: Црквице, pronounced [t͡sř̩kv̞it͡sɛ]) is a village (42.34°N 18.38°E) on Orjen mountain in Montenegro and is the wettest inhabited place in Europe (although uninhabited locations such as Mýrdalsjökull in Iceland may receive significantly more precipitation). The average annual precipitation for the period 1931-1960 was 4,927 mm (l/m²) and for 1961-1990 4,631 mm. The highest amounts per year surpass 7,000 mm with an all time historic high of 8,036 mm (1937).

Crkvice is within the Mediterranean subtropical belt. While summers are hot and sunny, autumn, winter and spring are rainy seasons. A peculiarity of the littoral Dinarids is the precipitation regime as the cities in Orjen receive more precipitation than any others in Europe. Like the monsoon rain it is seasonally distributed, thus November thunderstorms sometimes pour 2000 liters of water in several days, while August is frequently completely dry leading to forest fires. With a maximum discharge of 350 m³/s water one of the biggest karst springs, the Sopot spring, is a remarkable indicator of this seasonality. Most of the time it is inactive but after heavy rain a remarkable waterfall appears 20 m above the Bay of Kotor.

* classification scheme after Köppen

Two wind systems are noteworthy for their ecological significance: Bura and Jugo. Strong cold downslope winds of Bura type appear in winter and are most severe in the Bay of Risan. Gusts reach 250 km/h and can lead to a significant fall of temperatures in several hours with freezing events problematic for most of the Mediterranean cultures. Bura weather situations are frequent and sailors keep an eye on the mountains as cap clouds indicate an eminent Bura event. Jugo is a warm humid rain and is important as it brings heavy rain. It appears throughout the year but is usually centered in autumn and spring.

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