Crazy Horse
| Crazy Horse | |
|---|---|
| Tȟašúŋke Witkó | |
A 1934 sketch of Crazy Horse made by a Mormon missionary after interviewing Crazy Horse's sister, who claimed the depiction was accurate.
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| Oglala Lakota leader | |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
Cha-O-Ha ("In the Wilderness" or "Among the Trees") c. 1842 |
| Died | September 5, 1877 (aged 36-37) Fort Robinson, Nebraska |
| Cause of death | Bayonet wound |
| Spouse(s) |
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| Relations | Little Hawk (brother), Little Hawk (uncle), Laughing One (sister). Cousins: Touch the Clouds, Flying Hawk, Kicking Bear, Black Fox II, Eagle Thunder and Walking Eagle. Grandparents: Black Buffalo and White Cow (also called Iron Cane). Uncles: Spotted Tail, Lone Horn. Aunts: Good Looking Woman, Looks At It (later called They Are Afraid of Her). Father's wives: Iron Between Horns, Kills Enemy, and Red Leggins. |
| Children | They Are Afraid of Her |
| Parents | Crazy Horse (the elder), also known as Waglula (Worm), Rattling Blanket Woman (born 1814). |
| Military service | |
| Nickname(s) | Curly, Light Hair |
| Battles/wars | Fetterman Fight, Battle of the Rosebud, Battle of the Little Bighorn |
Crazy Horse (Lakota: Tȟašúŋke Witkó in Standard Lakota Orthography,IPA:/tχaʃʊ̃kɛ witkɔ/), literally "His-Horse-Is-Crazy"; (c. 1842 – September 5, 1877) was a Native American war leader of the Oglala Lakota. He took up arms against the United States Federal government to fight against encroachments on the territories and way of life of the Lakota people, including acting as a decoy in the Fetterman Massacre and leading a war party to victory at the Battle of the Little Bighorn in June 1876.
Four months after surrendering to U.S. troops under General George Crook in May 1877, Crazy Horse was fatally wounded by a bayonet-wielding military guard, while allegedly resisting imprisonment at Camp Robinson in present-day Nebraska. He ranks among the most notable and iconic of Native American tribal members and was honored by the U.S. Postal Service in 1982 with a 13¢ Great Americans series postage stamp.
Sources differ on the precise year of Crazy Horse's birth, but they agree he was born between 1840 and 1845. According to a close friend, he and Crazy Horse "were both born in the same year at the same season of the year", which census records and other interviews place in 1842.Encouraging Bear, an Oglala medicine man and spiritual adviser to the Oglala war leader, reported that Crazy Horse was born "in the year in which the band to which he belonged, the Oglala, stole One Hundred Horses, and in the fall of the year", a reference to the annual Lakota calendar or winter count. Among the Oglala winter counts, the stealing of 100 horses is noted by Cloud Shield, and possibly by American Horse and Red Horse owner, as equivalent to the year 1840–41. Oral history accounts from relatives on the Cheyenne River Reservation place his birth in the spring of 1840. On the evening of his son's death, the elder Crazy Horse told Lieutenant H. R. Lemly 1840".
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