County of Baden
| County of Baden | ||||||||||
| Grafschaft Baden | ||||||||||
| Vassal of Old Swiss Confederacy | ||||||||||
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 County of Baden
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| Capital | Baden, Switzerland | |||||||||
| Languages | German | |||||||||
| Religion | Roman Catholic, Protestant | |||||||||
| Political structure | Vassal | |||||||||
| Historical era | Middle Ages | |||||||||
| • | Acquired by the Habsburgs | 1264 | ||||||||
| • | Established | 1415 | ||||||||
| • | Disestablished | 1798 | ||||||||
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Coat of arms
The County of Baden (German: Grafschaft Baden) was a condominium of the Old Swiss Confederacy and is now part of the Swiss Canton of Aargau. The county was established in 1415 after the Swiss conquest of the Aargau and was ruled as a shared condominium until 1798 when it became part of the short lived Canton of Baden.
The land that became the County of Baden was originally ruled by the Counts of Lenzburg. Once that family's main line died out, it came under the Kyburgs and then in 1264 the Habsburgs. The exact territories in the county changed often, but originally included the western part of the Zürichgau and parts of the territory between the Rhine, Aare and Reuss rivers. In the 14th Century the territory of Baden became a triangle between the Limmat and Reuss rivers, though it was later divided further. As part of the Habsburg bailiwick of Aargau, it was managed by a bailiff, who had his seat in the town of Baden.
On 16 November 1414, Emperor Sigismund called the Council of Constance to settle the Western Schism between the three Popes (Benedict XIII, Gregory XII, and John XXIII) all of whom claimed legitimacy. Frederick IV of Habsburg sided with John XXIII. When John XXIII was declared an antipope, he fled the city with Frederick's help. The Emperor then declared the Habsburg lands forfeit and ordered the neighboring countries to conquer those lands for the Emperor. The city-state of Bern had already pledged their support of the Emperor against the Habsburgs in 1414, and so they were ready to invade. The rest of the Confederation quickly followed.
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