Ernest Saint-Charles Cosson (July 22, 1819 – December 31, 1889) was a French botanist born in Paris
Cosson is known for his botanical research in North Africa, and during his career he participated in eight trips to Algeria. In 1863 he was elected president of the Société botanique de France, and from 1873 to 1889, he was a member of the Académie des sciences.
With Jacques Nicolas Ernest Germain de Saint-Pierre (1815–1882), he published the influential Atlas de la Flore des Environs de Paris.