Constitution of Tunisia

The Constitution of Tunisia is the supreme law of the Tunisian Republic. The constitution is the framework for the organization of the Tunisian government and for the relationship of the federal government with the governorates, citizens, and all people within Tunisia. Tunisia's first modern constitution was the Fundamental Pact of 1857. This was followed by the Constitution of 1861, which was not replaced, until after the departure of French administrators in 1956, by the constitution of 1959. It was adopted on 1 June 1959 and amended in 1999 and 2002, after the Tunisian constitutional referendum of 2002.

Following the revolution and months of protests, a Constituent Assembly was elected to draft a new constitution, titled Tunisian Constitution of 2014 (French: , Arabic: دستور تونس 2014 ‎‎) which was adopted on 26 January 2014.

The territory of modern-day Tunisia knows its first form of political organization with the constitution of ancient Carthage. Its text was extensively referred to by Aristotle in his work, Politics.

In it, Aristotle refers highly of the Carthaginian constitution and describes it as a model of an equilibrated constitution, having the best characteristics of the other political regimes; It combines both elements of monarchic (kings or shophets), aristocratic (senate) and democratic (people's assembly) regimes.

Beginning in 1839 the Ottoman Empire introduced a number of reforms in government starting with the Hatt-ı Şerif of the Gülhane, but these were not applied in Tunisia due to the independence of the Husainid Dynasty and the conservatism of the ruling Bey, Ahmad I ibn Mustafa. It was the death of Ahmad I and the Sfez case and its aftermath that allowed France and England to pressure the Bey into granting reforms.

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