Codex Corporation
Logo in 2004
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| Founded | July 1962 |
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Key people
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Robert G. Gallager Dave Forney |
| Parent |
Motorola Platinum Equity Raymar Information Technology |
Vanguard Managed Solutions (VanguardMS) was a limited liability company (LLC) which specialized in monitoring live data networks from a Network operations center from 2001 to 2007. It began as Codex Corporation then was a division of Motorola, and then purchased by Platinum Equity. Platinum merged the network monitoring business section to CompuCom in 2007, but retained the IP router business renamed to Vanguard Networks.
Codex Corporation was founded in July 1962 by James M. Cryer Jr. and Arthur Kohlenberg, who were director and chief scientist at a Boston area research division of Melpar. Originally the company was a government contractor headquartered in Newton, Massachusetts. In May 1967, Codex acquired Teldata, a small company led by Jerry Holsinger that was developing data communication products that would operate at data rates of 9600 bit per second compared to the 1200 bit per second rate of existing products.Robert G. Gallager was hired as a consultant, and convinced the company to develop quadrature amplitude modulation techniques using two sidebands instead of single-sideband modulation. This technique was later refined by Dave Forney (hired in 1965) into a successful modem (modulator and demodulator) product. Within a few years it had about 20% of the market, which then was dominated by American Telephone & Telegraph.
Codex had its initial public offering in 1968. By 1970 military spending was decreasing, so pure commercial products were developed. However, the AE-96 model 9600 bit/s modems had problems in practice when manufacturing was scaled up. Holsinger left in 1970 found another modem company: Intertel. Founding president Cryer and chief scientist Kohlenberg both died in 1970, and financing was delayed. Art Carr took over in September 1970 and reduce staff to conserve cash. A secondary public offering was held in 1972 to reduce debt and raise capital to expand.
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