Cocoraque Butte
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Cocoraque Butte Archaeological District
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A petroglyph on Cocoraque Butte.
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| Location | Ironwood Forest, Arizona, United States |
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| NRHP reference # | 75000355 |
| Added to NRHP | October 10, 1975 |
The Cocoraque Butte Archaeological District is located in Ironwood Forest National Monument, in Pima County, Arizona. Added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 10, 1975, the Cocoraque Butte Archaeological District features ancient Hohokam ruins, hundreds of well-preserved petroglyphs, and the historic Cocoraque Ranch.
Cocoraque is Spanish for "house by the butte." The O'odham name for Cocoraque Butte is "Shontok". In the O'odham language, "shon" has several meanings, one of which is the "source" or the "beginning." Shontok is thus an allusion to the source of water used to supply a hand-dug well, about twenty-five feet deep, at the Cocoraque Ranch. The well, which is still visible today, was fed by seepage from an adjacent stream, which used to flow all year round. "Shon" also means to pound, and in this regard, the O'odham visiting Cocoraque Butte suggested the place name may also refer to the pounding and pecking that was part of the technology used to produce the numerous petroglyphs at the site.
Ironwood Forest National Monument is located northwest of Tucson, next to Saguaro National Park, and is administered by the Bureau of Land Management. Although only a small portion of the monument has been surveyed for cultural resources, numerous sites with preceramic, Hohokam, protohistoric, and historic occupations over a 5,000-year timespan are known within its boundaries. Three areas are listed on the National Historic Register; the Mission of Santa Ana del Chiquiburitac, the Los Robles Archaeological District, and the Cocoraque Butte Archaeological District.
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