Clofazimine

Clofazimine
Clinical data


Trade names	Lamprene
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a682128
ATC code	J04BA01 (WHO)
Pharmacokinetic data
Biological half-life	70 days
Identifiers
IUPAC name N,5-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(propan-2-ylimino)-3,5-dihydrophenazin-2-amine
Synonyms	N,5-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(1-methylethylimino)-5H-phenazin-2-amine
CAS Number	2030-63-9^Y
PubChem (CID)	2794
DrugBank	DB00845^Y
ChemSpider	21159573^N
UNII	D959AE5USF^Y
KEGG	D00278^Y
ChEMBL	CHEMBL1292^Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.016.347
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C₂₇H₂₂Cl₂N₄
Molar mass	473.396 g/mol
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
SMILES CC(C)/N=c/1\cc-2n(c3ccccc3nc2cc1Nc4ccc(cc4)Cl)c5ccc(cc5)Cl
InChI InChI=1S/C27H22Cl2N4/c1-17(2)30-24-16-27-25(15-23(24)31-20-11-7-18(28)8-12-20)32-22-5-3-4-6-26(22)33(27)21-13-9-19(29)10-14-21/h3-17,31H,1-2H3^N Key:WDQPAMHFFCXSNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N^N
^NY (what is this?)

Clofazimine, sold under the brand name Lamprene, is a medication used together with rifampicin and dapsone to treat leprosy. It is specifically used for multibacillary (MB) leprosy and erythema nodosum leprosum. Evidence is insufficient to support its use in other conditions. It is taken by mouth.

Common side effects include abdominal pain, diarrhea, itchiness, dry skin, and change in color of the skin. May also cause swelling of the lining of the gastrointestinal tract, increased blood sugar, and sensitivity to the sun. It is unclear if use during pregnancy is safe. Clofazimine is a phenazine dye and believed to work by interfering with DNA.

Clofazimine was approved for medical use in the United States in 1986. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. The wholesale cost in the developing world is about 24 USD per month. In the United States it is not available commercially but can be obtained from the US Department of Health and Human Services.

The primary use of clofazimine is for the treatment of leprosy. Other uses have not been proven to be safe or effective.

It has been used studied in combination with other antimycobacterial drugs to treat Mycobacterium avium infections in people with HIV/AIDS and Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis. Clofazimine also has a marked anti-inflammatory effect and is given to control the leprosy reaction, erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL). (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p1619). The drug is given as an alternative to people who can not tolerate the effects of dapsone for tuberculosis.

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Wikipedia