Clenbuterol

Clenbuterol

Clenbuterol (top), and (R)-(−)-clenbuterol (bottom)
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com	International Drug Names
Pregnancy category	C
Routes of administration	Oral (tablets, oral solution)
ATC code	R03AC14 (WHO) R03CC13 (WHO) QG02CA91 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status	UK: POM (Prescription only) US: ℞-only
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	89–98% (orally)
Metabolism	Hepatic (negligible)
Biological half-life	36–48 hours
Excretion	Feces and urine
Identifiers
IUPAC name (RS)-1-(4-Amino-3,5-dichlorophenyl)-2-(tert-butylamino)ethan-1-ol
CAS Number	37148-27-9 Y
PubChem CID	2783
DrugBank	DB01407 Y
ChemSpider	2681 Y
UNII	XTZ6AXU7KN
KEGG	D07713 Y
ChEBI	CHEBI:174690 Y
ChEMBL	CHEMBL49080 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.048.499
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C12H18Cl2N2O
Molar mass	277.19
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
Chirality	Racemic mixture
SMILES Clc1cc(cc(Cl)c1N)C(O)CNC(C)(C)C
InChI InChI=1S/C12H18Cl2N2O/c1-12(2,3)16-6-10(17)7-4-8(13)11(15)9(14)5-7/h4-5,10,16-17H,6,15H2,1-3H3 Y Key:STJMRWALKKWQGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y

Clenbuterol, marketed as Dilaterol, Spiropent, Ventipulmin, is a sympathomimetic amine used by sufferers of breathing disorders as a decongestant and bronchodilator. People with chronic breathing disorders such as asthma use this as a bronchodilator to make breathing easier. It is most commonly available as the hydrochloride salt, clenbuterol hydrochloride.

Clenbuterol is a β₂ agonist with some structural and pharmacological similarities to epinephrine and salbutamol, but its effects are more potent and longer-lasting as a stimulant and thermogenic drug. It causes an increase in aerobic capacity, central nervous system stimulation, blood pressure, and oxygen transportation. It increases the rate at which body fat is metabolized while increasing the body's basal metabolic rate (BMR). It is commonly used for smooth muscle-relaxant properties as a bronchodilator and .

Clenbuterol is also prescribed for treatment of horses, but equine use is usually the liquid form.

Clenbuterol is approved for use in some countries, free or via prescription, as a bronchodilator for asthma patients.

Clenbuterol is not an ingredient of any therapeutic drug approved by the US Food and Drug Administration and is now banned for IOC-tested athletes. In the US, administration of clenbuterol to any animal that could be used as food for human consumption is banned by the FDA.