Clausentum

Clausentum was a small town in the Roman province of Britannia. The site is believed to be located in Bitterne, which is now a suburb of Southampton.

Antonine Itinerary VII documents the Roman settlement of Clausentum as being 20 miles (32 km) west of Noviomagus Reginorum (Chichester) and 10 miles (16 km) from Venta Belgarum (Winchester). In 1610, William Camden identified Southampton as being the site of Clausentum and described how at Bitterne he had seen "old broken wals, and trenches of an antient castle". Around 1770,John Speed claimed that Clausentum was in the area that is now known as Bitterne Manor. In 1792, the Richard Warner investigated those claims and found a ditch, a bank and some Roman coins. Since then, this site has been investigated further and is generally accepted as the site of Clausentum, but there is no universal agreement.

Reference to modern maps shows Bitterne Manor to be 25 miles (40 km) from Chichester. Wickham is at the junction of two Roman Roads and is a better fit to the distances documented in Antonine Itinerary VII. The case for Clausentum being situated at Bitterne Manor is based on archaeological evidence, and the geography of the site (nestled inside a sharp bend in the River Itchen) which clearly allowed it to be turned into a good defensive position. The fact that there was a Roman settlement at what is now Bitterne Manor is not disputed.

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