Civil service in Brazil

The Brazilian Penal Code defines an official or civil servant as follows: "Article 327 - It is official or civil servant, for criminal purposes, those who, although temporarily or without pay, holds a position, employment or public usefulness. § 1 - Equivalent to a public official who holds a position, job or function in parastatal entity, and who works for the company providing the service or the private contractor for the execution of activity typical of Public Administration. "

Originally, the Brazilian Constitution had established that would apply to Federal entities a single legal regime for all its hires. Subsequently, the Constitutional Amendment no. 19 has relaxed this requirement by establishing the possibility of adopting the statutory regime or Hired Under Employment Laws, but was reinstated after the foregoing assessment of ADIn 2135. The regulation of the legal regime of civil servants feferal government, local and federal public foundations is carried out in Brazil by Federal Law no. 8.112/1990. Are not included in the legal regime established by this Act that federal employees are governed by the dictates of the Consolidation of Labor Laws and the Federal Law no. 9.962/2000. It should be understood that the Federal Constitution of 1988, both regimes must respect constitutionally established some rules, for example, all accepted by the public employer shall be subject to a tender or selection process. Thus, in Brazil there are so-called statutory servers (connected to the system of Federal Law no. 8112) and called servers celetistas (obey the Consolidation of Labor Laws). However, in order to grant interim with ex nunc effect on the date of August 2, 2007 ADIn in 2135, which suspended the effectiveness of EC 19 in that it modifies the chapeau of Article 39 for violation of the CF/1988 Article 60, II, of CF/1988 (vice-initiative), the Legal One has been restored.

The term civil servant and tenured servant are employed in the Constitution of 1988. Article 41 of the Federal Constitution states that "Servants who, by virtue of public entrance examinations, are appointed to effective posts, acquire tenure after three years of actual service."

The civil servants are listed as a category of public servants: they are permanent staff, professionals in the service of Public Administration. In the Brazilian Penal Code, however, there is reference to a public official, which has broader scope than the public server. One board member, for example, by exercising a public function (help in the electoral process), is a civilian employee (in respect of acts performed as a board member), despite a public transient and unpaid.

Filling is the administrative act of filling public office in Brazil regulated by Law No. 8112 of November 11, 1990 [1]. Under the legislation, the provision may be given by appointment, promotion, rehabilitation, recovery, recovery, reintegration and renewal.Each of these forms of provision has a special significance in public administration and specify the legal form of access to public office in Brazil.

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