Chlorprothixene
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| Trade names | Truxal |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Micromedex Detailed Consumer Information |
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Oral, IM |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Metabolism | Hepatic |
| Biological half-life | 8–12 hours |
| Excretion | Feces, urine |
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.003.666 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C18H18ClNS |
| Molar mass | 315.861 g/mol |
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Chlorprothixene (Cloxan, Taractan, Truxal) is a typical antipsychotic drug of the thioxanthene class and was the first of the series to be synthesized. It was introduced in 1959 by Lundbeck.
Chlorprothixene is not approved for use in the United States.
Chlorprothixene exerts strong antagonism at the following receptors:
Chlorprothixene does also act as FIASMA (functional inhibitor of acid sphingomyelinase).
One metabolite of chlorprothixene is N-desmethylchlorprothixene.
Chlorprothixene's principal indications are the treatment of psychotic disorders (e.g. schizophrenia) and of acute mania occurring as part of bipolar disorders.
Other uses are pre- and postoperative states with anxiety and insomnia, severe nausea / emesis (in hospitalized patients), the amelioration of anxiety and agitation due to use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for depression and, off-label, the amelioration of alcohol and opioid withdrawal. It may also be used cautiously to treat nonpsychotic irritability, aggression, and insomnia in pediatric patients.
An intrinsic antidepressant effect of chlorprothixene has been discussed, but not proven yet. Likewise, it is unclear, if chlorprothixene has genuine (intrinsic) analgesic effects. However, chlorprothixene can be used as comedication in severe chronic pain. Also, like most antipsychotics, chlorprothixene has antiemetic effects.
Chlorprothixene has a strong sedative activity with a high incidence of anticholinergic side effects. The types of side effects encountered (dry mouth, massive hypotension and tachycardia, hyperhidrosis, substantial weight gain etc.) normally do not allow a full effective dose for the remission of psychotic disorders to be given. So cotreatment with another, more potent, antipsychotic agent is needed.
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Wikipedia