Chittadhar Hridaya
| Chittadhar Hridaya | |
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Chittadhar Hridaya, one of the greatest literary figures from Nepal in the 20th century.
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| Born | Chittadhar Tuladhar May 19, 1906 Nyata Tunchhen |
| Died | June 9, 1982 (aged 76) |
| Language | Nepal Bhasa, Nepali, Hindi |
| Nationality | Nepalese |
| Ethnicity | Newa |
| Genre | Prose, Fiction |
| Literary movement | Nepal Bhasa renaissance |
| Notable works | Sugata Saurabha, Mimmanahpau |
Chittadhar Hridaya (Devanagari: चित्तधर हृदय) (born Chittadhar Tuladhar) (19 May 1906 – 9 June 1982) was a Nepalese poet. He is regarded as one of the greatest literary figures from Nepal in the 20th century.
The title of Kavi Keshari (Lion among Poets) was conferred on him by King Mahendra of Nepal in 1956. He wrote primarily in Nepal Bhasa but has created works in Nepali and Hindi too.
Hridaya dedicated his life to serving his mother tongue, rejecting a flourishing ancestral business and suffering imprisonment by an autocratic government. In 1941, he was jailed for five years by the Rana regime for writing a poem in Nepal Bhasa in a crackdown against the language.
Hridaya was born Chittadhar Tuladhar at Nyata Tunchhen (न्यत तुंछें) in Kathmandu to a family of hereditary Lhasa Newar traders. His father was Drabya Dhar Tuladhar and his mother was Gyan Laxmi Tuladhar. His sister Moti Laxmi Upasika was also a writer.
The family owned a business house in Lhasa, Tibet. Hridaya did not join the ancestral occupation but worked to develop Nepal Bhasa literature. In 1920, he was married to Gyan Prabha Kansakar.
Hridaya was a member of the Nepal Bhasa renaissance. He began his literary career when the Ranas did not permit writing in Nepal Bhasa, so authors published their works from abroad.
Hridaya wrote his first poem Buddhopasakya Pap Deshana which was printed in 1925 in Buddha Dharma magazine published from Kolkata, India. In 1930, he signed a petition to open a public library, and was arrested and fined along with the rest of the signers.
In 1933, an anthology of poems by Hridaya entitled Padya Nikunja was published from Kalimpong, India by SP and DP Upasak. He wrote under the pen name Hridaya to avoid harassment by the government. The government did not like his literary activities, and all the copies were confiscated by customs at Chisapani Gadhi before they could reach Kathmandu.
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