Chief Justice of India
| CJ of India | |
|---|---|
Emblem of the Supreme Court of India
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| Judiciary of India | |
| Abbreviation | CJI |
| Seat | New Delhi |
| Nominator | Collegium of the Supreme Court |
| Appointer | President of india |
| Term length | till the age of 65 yrs |
| Constituting instrument | Constitution of India (under Article 124) |
| Formation | 1950 |
| First holder | Justice H. J. Kania (26/01/1950 - 06/11/1951) |
| Website | Supreme Court of India |
The Chief Justice of India (CJI) is the head of the judiciary of India and the Supreme Court of India. The CJI also heads their administrative functions.
As head of the supreme court, the chief justice is responsible for the allocation of cases and appointment of constitutional benches which deal with important matters of law. In accordance with Article 145 of the Constitution of India and the Supreme Court Rules of Procedure of 1966, the Chief Justice allocates all work to the other judges who are bound to refer the matter back to him or her (for re-allocation) in any case where they require it to be looked into by a larger bench of more judges.
On the administrative side, the Chief Justice carries out the following functions: maintenance of the roster; appointment of court officials and general and miscellaneous matters relating to the supervision and functioning of the Supreme Court.
It has been an unbroken convention for decades now, to appoint the senior-most judge of the supreme court as the CJI.
The present CJI is Justice Jagdish Singh Khehar and is the 44th CJI since January 1950, the year the constitution came into effect and the supreme court came into being. He succeeded Justice T.S. Thakur on 4 January 2017 and will remain in office till 28 August 2017, the day he completes 65 years of age.
Article 124 of the Constitution of India provides for the manner of appointing judges to the Supreme Court. Though no specific provision exists in the Constitution for appointing the Chief Justice, who, as a result, is appointed like the other judges conventionally, the outgoing CJI recommends the name of the senior-most judge (i.e. by date of appointment to the Supreme Court) for appointment by the President of India, as his successor.
However, this convention has been breached on a few occasions, when during the tenure of prime minister Indira Gandhi, she got Justice A.N. Ray appointed as CJI, superseding three judges senior to him allegedly because he had favoured her government, and when Justice H. R. Khanna was overlooked for the post for upholding the constitution as superior to her government's acts and for curtailing her powers which she had arrogated to herself during the Emergency, a time when her government was becoming increasingly mired in a political and constitutional crisis. The Oath of Office is presided by the President.
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