Cheyenne River Agency
| Cheyenne River Indian Reservation | |
|---|---|
| Reservation | |
Farmland on the reservation
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 Location of Cheyenne River Indian Reservation, South Dakota |
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| Coordinates: 45°04′35″N 101°13′33″W / 45.07639°N 101.22583°WCoordinates: 45°04′35″N 101°13′33″W / 45.07639°N 101.22583°W | |
| Country | United States |
| State | South Dakota |
| Counties | Dewey / Ziebach / Stanley / Haakon / Meade |
| Established | 1889 |
| Government | |
| • Governing body | General Tribal Council |
| Area | |
| • Total | 4,266.987 sq mi (11,051.447 km2) |
| Population (2000) | |
| • Total | 8,470 |
| Time zone | MST (UTC-7) |
| • Summer (DST) | MDT (UTC-6) |
| Website | Official Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe Website |
The Cheyenne River Indian Reservation was created by the United States in 1889 by breaking up the Great Sioux Reservation, following its victory over the Lakota in a series of wars in the 1870s. The reservation covers almost all of Dewey and Ziebach counties in South Dakota. In addition, many small parcels of off-reservation trust land are located in Stanley, Haakon, and Meade counties.
The total land area is 4,266.987 sq mi (11,051.447 km²), making it the fourth-largest Indian reservation in land area in the United States. Its largest community is unincorporated North Eagle Butte, while adjacent Eagle Butte is its largest incorporated city. The Land Acts of 1909 and 1910, opened up the Cheyenne River Reservation to non-Native settlement.
The original Cheyenne River Reservation covered over 5,000 sq. mi. The Reservation has subsequently decreased in size. Today it is 4,266.987 sq mi (11,051.447 km²). The original northern boundary was the Grand River. However, in the early 20th century, land south of the Grand River was ceded to the Standing Rock Reservation. This occurred before the 1909 and 1910 Land Acts. The land was later opened up to non-Native settlement. When the Land Acts took effect, the northern part of the Cheyenne River Reservation was lost. However, the southern section of the Cheyenne River Reservation still remains. It covers 1,514,652 acres or 2,366 sq. mi. After the Utes settled down on the Reservation in 1906 and 1907, they were set aside 4 townships or 92,160 acres. That land remains in the former northern part of the Cheyenne River Reservation. Their communities are Iron Lightning and Thunder Butte.
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