Caswell Air Force Station
Caswell Air Force Station
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| Part of Air Defense Command (ADC) | |
 Caswell AFS
Location of Caswell AFS, Maine
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| Coordinates | 46°58′15″N 067°50′04″W / 46.97083°N 67.83444°WCoordinates: 46°58′15″N 067°50′04″W / 46.97083°N 67.83444°W |
| Type | Air Force Station |
| Code | ADC ID: P-80 NORAD ID: Z-80 |
| Site information | |
| Controlled by |
 United States Air Force
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| Site history | |
| Built | 1952 |
| In use | 1952-1980 |
| Garrison information | |
| Garrison | 766th Aircraft Control and Warning (later Radar) Squadron |
Caswell Air Force Station is a closed United States Air Force General Surveillance Radar station. It is located 4.3 miles (6.9 km) north of Limestone, Maine. It was closed in 1980.
Caswell was one of twenty-eight stations built as part of the second segment of the permanent Air Defense Command network. Prompted by the start of the Korean War, on July 11, 1950, the Secretary of the Air Force asked the Secretary of Defense for approval to expedite construction of the second segment of the permanent network. Receiving the Defense Secretary’s approval on July 21, the Air Force directed the Corps of Engineers to proceed with construction.
Because of difficulties with new production radar equipment, the site initially consisted of a pair of AN/FPS-10 radars from a closing Lashup site at Limestone AFB, Maine (L-50) to expedite operational status. During 1951 the 766th Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron was moved from the temporary site at Limestone AFB to Caswell and assumed coverage, and initially the station functioned as a Ground-Control Intercept (GCI) and warning station. As a GCI station, the squadron's role was to guide interceptor aircraft toward unidentified intruders picked up on the unit's radar scopes. Thus Caswell received the “LP-80” designation.
In 1955 and 1956 an AN/FPS-8/UGPS-3 was installed. The AN/GPS-3 remained in service until 1961. In 1957 and 1958 the AN/FPS-10s were phased out and two AN/FPS-6As arrived. During 1959 Caswell AFS joined the Semi Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) system, feeding data to DC-05 at Topsham AFS, Maine. After joining, the squadron was redesignated as the 766th Radar Squadron (SAGE) on 1 October 1959. The radar squadron provided information 24/7 the SAGE Direction Center where it was analyzed to determine range, direction altitude speed and whether or not aircraft were friendly or hostile.
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