Canaan is a town in Litchfield County, Connecticut, United States. The population was 1,081 at the 2000 census. The town of Canaan is often referred to locally by the name of its principal constituent village, Falls Village.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 33.3 square miles (86.2 km²), of which 33.0 square miles (85.3 km²) is land and 0.3 square mile (0.9 km²) (0.99%) is water.

American Revolutionary War soldier and historian Lemuel Roberts was born in Canaan in 1755.

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,081 people, 445 households, and 298 families residing in the town. The population density was 32.8 people per square mile (12.7/km²). There were 610 housing units at an average density of 18.5 per square mile (7.1/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 97.04% White, 1.48% Black or African American, 0.19% Asian, 0.09% Pacific Islander, 0.37% from other races, and 0.83% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.37% of the population.

There were 445 households out of which 30.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.8% were married couples living together, 7.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.0% were non-families. 27.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 2.97.

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