Calvary

Calvary, also Gagulta (Aramaic: ܓܓܘܠܬܐ‎‎), was, according to the Gospels, a site immediately outside Jerusalem's walls where Jesus was crucified.Golgotha(s) (Greek: Γολγοθᾶς) is the Greek transcription in the New Testament of the Aramaic term Gagultâ. The Bible translates the term to mean place of [the] skull, which in Greek is Κρανίου Τόπος (Kraníou Tópos), and in Latin is Calvariæ Locus, from which the English word Calvary is derived.

Golgotha is referred to in early writings as a hill resembling a skullcap located very near to a gate into Jerusalem: "A spot there is called Golgotha, – of old the fathers' earlier tongue thus called its name, 'The skull-pan of a head'."

Since the 6th century it has been referred to as the location of a mountain, and as a small hill since 333. The Gospels describe it as a place near enough to the city that those coming in and out could read the inscription 'Jesus of Nazareth – King of the Jews'. When the King James Version was written, the translators used an anglicized version – Calvary – of the Latin gloss from the Vulgate (Calvariæ), to refer to Golgotha in the Gospel of Luke, rather than translate it; subsequent uses of Calvary stem from this single translation decision. The location itself is mentioned in all four canonical Gospels:

In the Douay-Rheims Version (a Roman Catholic English translation of the Bible), Luke 23:33 reads:

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