Calstone Wellington
| Calstone Wellington | |
|---|---|
 Church of St. Mary, Calstone |
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 Calstone Wellington
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| Calstone Wellington shown within Wiltshire | |
| OS grid reference | SU025684 |
| Civil parish | |
| Unitary authority | |
| Ceremonial county | |
| Region | |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | CALNE |
| Postcode district | SN11 |
| Dialling code | 01249 |
| Police | Wiltshire |
| Fire | Dorset and Wiltshire |
| Ambulance | South Western |
| EU Parliament | South West England |
| UK Parliament | |
Calstone Wellington is a small village and former parish in Wiltshire, England, some three miles (5 km) from Calne and now part of the civil parish of Calne Without.
The source of the River Marden is at Calstone Wellington, and most of the land is chalk downland. The Calstone and Cherhill Downs is a biological SSSI, notified in 1971.
The name 'Calstone' may have developed from Calne east tun, meaning that the village was a rural extension of the neighbouring town of Calne. In about 1600, a small manor of Calstone was given the name of Calstone Wellington, in which 'Wellington' was the name of the lords of the manor in the 13th and 14th centuries.
The Ridgeway, an ancient road dating from the Bronze Age, meets the early medieval Wansdyke near Calstone Wellington.
Calstone was probably part of the large royal estate of Calne which was held by the kings of England in the 10th century, and perhaps also before that. By the time of the Norman conquest of 1066, most of this royal estate had been granted away from the Crown as a series of smaller estates, including Calstone, Calstone Wylye, the future Calstone Wellington, and the future Blunt's. The 'black land' of Calstone was held by the Crown until 1194, when it was granted to a new owner and became the manor and parish of Blackland.
What later became the manor of Calstone Wellington was held in 1066 by Edric and in 1084 and 1086 by his widow Estrild. In 1086 it was assessed as 2½ hides and Estrild held it of Ernulf de Hesdin. It appears to have descended with the manor of Keevil the Hesdin and FitzAlan families and was held by , when he died in 1330. In the 13th century Calstone Wellington was part of the lands held of the lord of the manor of Keevill by service of castle guard at Devizes, and still in 1349 it was held of the king or the grantee of Devizes Castle in the same way. In 1377, Calstone had 79 poll-tax payers.
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Wikipedia