Calliopean Society

Calliopean Society

19th-century Calliopean Society emblem
Formation	1819 (1819)

The Calliopean Society is a literary and debating society founded at Yale College in 1819 by a group of members of Linonia dissatisfied by the result of an election for the presidency of the latter society. Its name refers to Calliope, first and wisest of the muses, the muse of epic poetry, and daughter of Zeus and Mnemosyne (memory). A literary society of the same name is said to have been formed in Bermuda in 1790 by George Tucker, at that time under the tutelage of Josiah Meigs, who later became Professor of Moral Philosophy at Yale.

Calliopean was distinguished at Yale from its rival societies Linonia and Brothers-In-Unity by possessing a much larger portion of its membership originating from the Southern states. Increasing sectional tensions prior to the American Civil War caused Calliopean to suspend its activities. It was subsequently revived and has repeatedly again lapsed into hibernation, its periods of inactivity typically coinciding with major wars.

Calliopean was most recently revived in the early 1950s, as part of an intellectual conservative movement of resistance to a conformist liberal consensus prevailing at Yale in the aftermath of the New Deal.

For a bit over a decade from the mid-1950s through the early 1960s, the Calliopean Society functioned as the lead organization and intellectual center of Conservatism at Yale, conducting a program of debates and meetings featuring guest speakers, and maintaining its own library. M. Stanton Evans, Class of 1955, later a syndicated columnist and conservative activist, was one of the presidents of Calliopean during that period.

In the mid-1960s, when the Party of the Right of the Yale Political Union (POR), whose membership commonly overlapped with Calliopean, took over as the center of conservative organizational activity in the university community, Calliopean officership became an honorific distinction passed down among prominent libertarian leaders of the POR.

Calliopean was then remodeled into a Senior Honorary Society, on the models of the Aurelian Honor Society and the Torch Honor Society. Membership was limited to members of the Yale College senior class, but officers (appointed by the president) could be chosen from any class. Membership was also annually awarded each spring by the Calliopean president and director (on a non-political basis) as a form of recognition of exceptional qualities of spirit, intelligence, and talent on the part of members of next fall's Yale senior class.