California poppies
| Eschscholzia | |
|---|---|
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| California Poppy (Eschscholzia californica) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| Order: | Ranunculales |
| Family: | Papaveraceae |
| Genus: |
Eschscholzia Cham. |
| Species | |
|
See text. |
|
See text.
Eschscholzia /ɛˈʃɒltziə/ is a genus of 12 annual or perennial plants in the Papaveraceae (poppy) family. The genus was named after the Baltic German/Imperial Russian botanist Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz (1793-1831).
Leaves are deeply cut, glabrous and glaucous, mostly basal, though a few grow on the stem.
Flowers have four yellow or orange petals, and grow at the end of the stem, either alone or in many-flowered cymes. The petals are wedge-shaped, forming a funnel. The two fused sepals fall off as the flower bud opens. There are 12 to numerous stamens. The flowers close in cloudy weather.
Seeds are tiny and black, held in long pointed pods that split open when ripe.
The taproot gives off a colorless or orange clear juice, which is mildly toxic.
The best-known is the California Poppy (Eschscholzia californica), the state flower of California. Eschscholzia caespitosa is very similar to E. californica, but smaller and without a collar below the petals.
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