Caledonian Estate

The Caledonian Estate
Entrance to Carrick House, Caledonian Road
General information
Type	Flatted Estate
Architectural style	Victorian Gothic, Arts and Crafts
Address	408–416 (inclusive) Caledonian Road
Town or city	Islington
Country	United Kingdom
Construction started	1900
Completed	1907
Design and construction
Architect	JG Stephenson
Architecture firm	Architecture Department, London County Council
Designations	Grade II listed

The Caledonian Estate is a Grade II listed, early Edwardian estate towards the northern end of the Caledonian Road in Islington, London. It is situated next to Pentonville Prison. The Estate was built on the site of the classical Caledonian Asylum from which the Road took its name.

Pevsner describes the building as having been constructed between 1900 and 1907, though English Heritage describes it as having been built between 1904 and 1906. A pamphlet produced by the London County Council notes that, though the Council had accepted an offer from the Asylum for the land by January 1901, construction could not begin until December 1904 as the trustees of the school needed time to erect new buildings elsewhere. The architect was James Greenwood Stephenson (1872–1950); and was designed during his time in the Housing of the Working Classes Branch of the London County Council Architect's Department.

Susan Beattie states that it is one of the two "most successful" flatted estates in the first decade of the twentieth century (along with Stephenson's Chadworth Buildings in Lever Street).

Stephenson had been a student at the South Kensington Schools, before working as an improver and then a draughtsman under Sir Arthur Blomfield from 1892 to 1893. He joined the LCC the following year. Stephenson became an associate of the RIBA in 1896, sponsored by Blomfield (as well as the Scottish architect, John Slater). At this time (that is, between its formation in 1893 and the First World War), the work of the 'Housing of the Working Classes' branch of the LCC's Architecture Department has been said to have "the right to be counted among the highest achievements of the Arts and Crafts movement in English Architecture".