Cadwallon ap Gruffydd

Cadwallon ap Gruffydd (c. 1097 – 1132) (Welsh pronunciation: [kadˈwaɬon ap ˈgrɨ̞fɨ̞ð]) was the eldest son of Gruffudd ap Cynan, king of Gwynedd.

Cadwallon was born in the village of Walesey in the county of Caernarvonshire in Wales. His mother was Angharad ferch Owain, the daughter of Owain ab Edwin.

Cadwallon's siblings were Hywel ap Gruffydd, Rhanullt verch Gruffydd, Tudwal ap Gruffydd, Gwenllian verch Gruffydd, Elen verch Gruffydd, Merinedd verch Gruffydd, Susanna verch Gruffydd, Cadwaladr ap Gruffydd, Gwenllian II ap Rhys (born verch Gruffydd), Owain Gwynedd, Idwal ap Gruffydd, Duling ap Gruffydd, Membyr "Ddu" ap Gruffydd, Rhael verch Gruffudd, Annes verch Gruffydd, Margred ap Gruffydd, and Gwladys Rhanullt verch Gruffydd. Cadwallon sisters Gwenllian married Gruffydd ap Rhys and Susanna married Madog ap Maredudd. Cadwallon was half brother of Margred verch Gruffydd; and Gwenllian ferch Gruffydd.

Cadwallon appears first in history records as conspiring with his older brother Owain Gwynedd to take the district of Meirionydd within the medieval kingdom of Powys in 1123. In 1125 he killed the three rulers of the district Dyffryn Clwyd, being Meilyr ab Owain, Rhiryd ab Owain, and Gronw ab Owain—his maternal uncles, i.e., his mother's brothers. The district cantref of Dyffryn Clwyd was then annexed into the kingdom of Gwynedd. Cadwallon is notoriously remembered by historians for murdering his uncles, as this ended the reign of the house of Edwin of Tegeingl as a regime.

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