Burns Singer

Burns Singer (29 August 1928 – 8 September 1964), born James Hyman Singer in New York City and an American citizen all his life, was a poet usually identified as Scottish.

Singer was brought up in Scotland from a young age and educated in Glasgow.

Singer had Polish, Jewish and Irish ancestry and showed considerable interest in Polish poetry. His collaborative translations of Polish poets included Ignacy Krasicki, Juliusz Slowacki, Cyprian Norwid and Jerzy Peterkiewicz. Some of these appeared in the anthology Five Centuries of Polish Poetry, 1450–1950 (1962), with Peterkiewicz, and a later edition.

In 1945, Singer came south to London, taking some teaching work, and then went to Cornwall where he came into contact with W. S. Graham, a major poetic influence. He studied at University of Glasgow, beginning degree courses in Zoology and English, but abandoned those after the 1951 suicide of his mother. He had by then spent a year in Marburg and done some service in the United States Army.

Singer then worked for four years in marine biology, supporting his father. In 1955, he married Marie Battle, an African-American psychologist; they moved to London, where he sought freelance work writing. He enjoyed a period of success in literary journalism and as a poet. It is considered that his style was a "middle way" or compromise, between the New Apocalyptics and The Movement, or the Scottish Renaissance and the Sassenach.

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