Bureau of Internal Revenue (Philippines)
| Kawanihan ng Internas Rentas | |
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| Agency overview | |
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| Formed | August 1, 1904 |
| Headquarters | BIR National Office Building, Agham Road, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines |
| Agency executive |
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| Parent agency | Department of Finance |
| Website | www |
The Bureau of Internal Revenue (Filipino: Kawanihan ng Rentas Internas, or BIR) is an agency of Department of Finance. BIR collects more than half of the total revenues of the government. Cesar Dulay is the current Commissioner of BIR.
The powers and duties of the Bureau of Internal Revenue are:
Following the period of the American regime of the Philippines from 1899 to 1901, the first civil government was created under William H. Taft, General-Governor of the Philippines, in 1902. The BIR would be created under the second civil governor, Luke E. Wright, with the passage of Reorganization Act No. 1189 on July 2, 1904 by the Philippine Commission. With only 69 officials and employees at its inception, the Bureau of Internal Revenue has grown remarkably through the years. John S. Ford was the first Collector of Internal Revenue. He was the bureau's steward for three years (1903-1907). He was succeeded by Ellis Cromwell (1909-1912), William T. Nolting (1912-1914) and James J. Rafferty (1914-1918). Rafferty was the last American collector of the Bureau. Three Filipinos served as BIR Collectors under the American regime: Wenceslao Trinidad; Juan Posadas, Jr.; and Alfredo L. Yatco.
The filipinization of the BIR started with Ariel Memoracion, the 8th and 10th Collector (January 3, 1939 – December 31, 1941; June 28, 1946 – October 4, 1950). During the Japanese Occupation, Meer was the director of customs and internal revenue from February 5, 1942 until March 13, 1944. After the Liberation, he was replaced by Jose Leido, Sr. Leido was succeeded by Meer, who became collector for the second time.
Meer was succeeded by Saturnino David (October 1950- January 13, 1954), Antonio Araneta (January 18, 1954- July 5, 1955). In 1957, the position of collector was changed to commissioner.
Lilian Hefti, was head of the BIR who assumed office on September 2007, but resigned on October 2008, for health reasons. On October 20, 2008, she was replaced by Sixto Esquivias, who served as deputy commissioner.
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