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Bishopric of Salzburg

Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg
Fürsterzbistum Salzburg
State of the Holy Roman Empire
1328–1803


Coat of arms

Salzburg territory (violet) in 1789, between
Bavarian (green) and Habsburg (orange) lands
Capital Salzburg
Government Principality
Prince-Archbishop
 •  1772–1803 Count Hieronymus von Colloredo (last)
Historical era Middle Ages
 •  Diocese founded 739
 •  State constitution 1328
 •  Joined Bavarian Circle 1500
 •  Salzburg Cathedral consecrated 1628
 •  Secularised to electorate 1803
 •  Annexed by Austria 1805
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Duchy of Bavaria Duchy of Bavaria
Electorate of Salzburg Grand Duchy of Salzburg


Coat of arms

The Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg (German: Fürsterzbistum Salzburg) was an ecclesiastical principality and state of the Holy Roman Empire. It comprised the secular territory ruled by the Archbishops of Salzburg, as distinguished from the Catholic diocese founded in 739 by Saint Boniface in the German stem duchy of Bavaria. The capital of the archbishopric was Salzburg, the former Roman city of Iuvavum.

From the late 13th century onwards, the archbishops gradually reached the status of Imperial immediacy and independence from the Bavarian dukes. Salzburg remained an ecclesiastical principality until its secularisation to the short-lived Electorate of Salzburg (later Duchy of Salzburg) in 1803. Members of the Bavarian Circle from 1500, the prince-archbishops bore the title of Primas Germaniae, though they never obtained electoral dignity; actually of the five German prince-archbishoprics in the Holy Roman Empire (with Mainz, Cologne and Trier), Magdeburg and Salzburg got nothing from the Golden Bull of 1356. The last prince-archbishop exercising secular authority was Count Hieronymus von Colloredo, an early patron of Salzburg native Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.


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