Benjamin Franklin's phonetic alphabet

Benjamin Franklin's phonetic alphabet was Benjamin Franklin's proposal for a spelling reform of the English language. The alphabet was based on the Latin alphabet used in English. Franklin modified the standard English alphabet by omitting the letters c, j, q, w, x, and y, and adding new letters to explicitly represent the open-mid back rounded and unrounded vowels, and the consonants sh, ng, voiced th, and voiceless th. It was one of the earlier proposed spelling reforms to the English language. The alphabet consisted of 26 letters in the following order:

Other English phonemes are represented as follows:

Franklin's proposed alphabet included seven letters to represent vowels. This set consisted of two new letters, in addition to five letters from the existing English alphabet: a, e, i, o, u. The first new letter was a formed as a ligature of the letters o and a, and used to represent the sound [ɔ] (as written in IPA). The second, ɥ, was used for [ʌ].

Franklin proposed the use of doubled letters to represent what he called long vowels, represented by modern phonemes thus: /ɔː/ as the long-vowel variant for /ɒ/ (or, in his notation, cɩcɩ versus cɩ), /eɪ/ for /ɛ/ (ee versus e), and /iː/ for /ɪ/ (ii versus i). However, these distinctions appear not perfectly identical to the distinctions today; for example, the only word shown to use cɩcɩ is the word all, but not other words that in modern notation would use /ɔː/. This discrepancy may reflect Franklin's own inconsistencies, but, even more likely, it reflects legitimate differences in the English phonology of his particular time and place.

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