Battle of Cabin Creek

First Battle of Cabin Creek
Part of the American Civil War
Date July 1, 1863 (1863-07-01)–July 2, 1863 (1863-07-02) Location Mayes County, Oklahoma Result Union victory
Belligerents
United States of America (Union)	Confederate States of America
Commanders and leaders
James Monroe Williams	Stand Watie
Strength
Detachments from nine units	1,600 – 1,800
Casualties and losses
3–23 killed, 30 wounded	65 killed

Second Battle of Cabin Creek
Part of American Civil War
Date September 19, 1864 Location Cherokee Nation, Indian Territory Result Tactical Confederate Victory; no significant impact on the outcome of the Civil War in Indian Territory.
Belligerents
United States (Union)	CSA (Confederacy)
Commanders and leaders
Henry Hopkins	Richard M. Gano Stand Watie
Strength
1,600	about 330
Casualties and losses
9 killed, 38 wounded	20 killed, 26 captured, wounded not reported

Two American Civil War military engagements were fought at the Cabin Creek Battlefield in the Cherokee Nation within Indian Territory. The location was where the Texas Road crossed Cabin Creek, near the present-day town of Big Cabin, Oklahoma. Both the First and Second Battles of Cabin Creek were launched by the Confederate Army to disrupt Union Army supply trains.

The first was a raid by a Confederate Army detachment on a Union Army supply train bound for Fort Gibson in July 1863. It failed to stop the Union detachment, which enabled the Union to succeed in winning the Battle of Honey Springs later that month. The second engagement, in September, 1864, again a Confederate raid on a Union supply train, resulted in the Confederates capturing over a million dollars worth of mules, wagons and supplies. However, this was too late to have a strategic impact on the outcome of the war. Confederate General Stand Watie led the attackers during both raids.

The First Battle of Cabin Creek took place on July 1 through July 2, 1863, in Mayes County, Oklahoma during the American Civil War. The Confederate forces under Colonel Stand Watie attempted to ambush a Union supply convoy led by Colonel James Monroe Williams. Williams was alerted to the attack and, despite the waters of the creek being swelled by rain, made a successful attack upon the entrenched Confederate position and forced them to flee. The battle was the first in which African American troops fought side-by-side with their white comrades.

Colonel James M. Williams had charge of the escort of a Union supply train from Fort Scott, Kansas to Fort Gibson, Oklahoma (which was then in Indian Territory). His force marched along the Texas Road and consisted of detachments of the 2nd Colorado Infantry Regiment, 3rd Wisconsin Volunteer Cavalry Regiment, 6th Regiment Kansas Volunteer Cavalry, 9th Regiment Kansas Volunteer Cavalry, 3rd Regiment, Indian Home Guard, 1st Kansas Colored Infantry and the 2nd Kansas Artillery.

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