Baruch Charney Vladeck
| Baruch Nachman Charney | |
|---|---|
| Born | January 13, 1886 Dukor, Belorussia |
| Died | October 30, 1938 (aged 52) New York City, New York |
| Other names | Baruch Nachman Charney, Baruch Charney Vladeck |
| Occupation | American Jewish labor leader, manager of The Jewish Daily Forward, member of the New York City Council |
Baruch Charney Vladeck (born Baruch Nachman Charney; January 13, 1886 – October 30, 1938) was an American Jewish labor leader, manager of The Jewish Daily Forward for twenty years, and a member of the New York City Council.
Baruch Charney was born January 13, 1886, in Dukor, a small village near Minsk, in what is now Belarus. His parents were Zev Volf and Brokhe Tsharni (née Hurwitz). His father, a fervent Lubavitcher Hasid, died in 1889, leaving his mother a widow with five sons (he was the fifth) and a daughter. Two of his older brothers also achieved renown: literary critic Shmuel Niger and Yiddish poet Daniel Charney.
In the early 1900s, Baruch Charney was drawn to the revolutionary movement for the overthrow of the Tsarist autocracy, becoming an activist in the Jewish Labour Bund. As an underground revolutionary, open use of his real name was regarded as highly dangerous to both him and his family, so the pseudonym "Vladeck" was adopted as a nom de guerre. Baruch Charney would use this as his surname for the rest of his life.
Vladeck was arrested in 1904 for conducting a radical study circle for young workers, and was imprisoned for a total of 8 months as a result of this first arrest. He was arrested again in 1905 and faced an extensive exile in Siberia, a fate from which he was saved by the outbreak of the Revolution of 1905 and the political amnesties which accompanied that seminal event.
The 1905 revolution ended in Tsarist restoration by 1907 and a period of reaction ensued. Vladeck came to feel that emigration to the United States was his most realistic option. In 1908 he left Europe for North America, landing at Ellis Island, soon after which he began to immerse himself in the study of American history and culture.
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