Baron de Longueuil

The title Baron de Longueuil is the only currently-extant French colonial title that is recognized by Queen Elizabeth II as Queen of Canada. The title was granted originally by King Louis XIV of France to a Norman military officer, Charles le Moyne de Longueuil, and its continuing recognition since the cession of Canada to Britain is based on the Treaty of Paris (1763), which reserved to those of French descent all rights which they had enjoyed before the cession.

The title descends to the heirs general of the first grantee, and as such survives today in the person of Dr Michael Grant, the 12th Baron de Longueuil, a cognatic descendant of Charles le Moyne de Longueuil, the 1st Baron.

The Seigniory of Longueuil was first granted in 1657 to Charles le Moyne de Longueuil et de Châteauguay, Sieur de Longueuil, and was raised to the label of Barony of Longueuil in 1700 by Louis XIV in recognition of Le Moyne's services.

By 1710 the Barony had expanded to include land from the St Lawrence River to the Richelieu River and south along the west bank of the river to the Seigniory of DeLéry.

Charles le Moyne was killed in action near Saratoga, New York in 1729, and the barony passed to his son, also named Charles le Moyne (1687–1755), the third baron, who was killed during the Seven Years' War. The third baron's widow, Marie-Anne-Catherine Fleury Deschambault, married William Grant in 1770, the son of the Laird of Blairfindy, Moray, Scotland. The Barony was to be inherited by her daughter, Marie-Charles-Joseph Le Mote de Longeuil, and Grant arranged a marriage to his nephew, Captain David Alexander Grant of the British 94th Regiment. The couple were wed in 1781 and their eldest son became the fifth Baron de Longueuil in 1841.

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