Banksia kingii
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Banksia kingii Temporal range: Late Pleistocene |
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Banksia kingii fossil cone |
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| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Eudicots |
| Order: | Proteales |
| Family: | Proteaceae |
| Genus: | Banksia |
| Subgenus: | Banksia |
| Section: | Banksia |
| Series: | Salicinae |
| Species: | B. kingii |
| Binomial name | |
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Banksia kingii Jordan & Hill |
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Banksia kingii is an extinct species of tree or shrub in the plant genus Banksia. It is known only from fossil leaves and fruiting "cones" found in sediment at Melaleuca Inlet in western Tasmania. These were discovered by Deny King in the workings of his tin mine. The leaves and fruiting cones were discovered at different locations, and since the sediment had been removed during mining, the stratigraphy of the fossils is unknown. The sediment from which they were recovered was alluvial, consisting of large, well-rounded fragments of quartz and schist.
The fossil leaves are about 12 centimetres long and one centimetre wide and very thick and robust. They clearly belong to genus Banksia, section Banksia, series Salicinae, but not to any of the extant species in that series. The leaves of B. plagiocarpa (Dallachy's Banksia) are similar in form, shape and robustness, but differ strongly in structure. Leaves of B. saxicola (Grampians Banksia) are structurally the most similar to B. kingii, but have a different shape. There also appear to be some affinities with B. marginata (Silver Banksia) and B. canei (Mountain Banksia), but insufficient to warrant the fossil's ascription to those species. The fossils are therefore considered representative of a new species, B. kingii.
The fossil fruiting structures are cylindrical, about 6 centimetres high and 4½ centimetres wide. The structure had lost its old flower parts. It appears to be most closely related to B. saxicola and B. canei, with some similarities to B. marginata. The taxonomic situation therefore appears highly similar for both leaves and fruiting structures, and so the fruiting structures are ascribed to B. kingii despite the absence of any direct connection to the fossil leaves.
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