Bacteriovorax stolpii
| Bacteriovorax stolpii | |
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| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Proteobacteria |
| Class: | Deltaproteobacteria |
| Order: | Bdellovibrionales |
| Family: | Bacteriovoracaceae |
| Genus: | Bacteriovorax |
| Binomial name | |
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Bacteriovorax stolpii (Seidler et al.) Baer et al. |
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| Synonyms | |
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Bacteriovorax stolpii is a species of bacterium in the family Bacteriovoracaceae. It is a predator that feeds on larger Gram-negative bacteria. These prey bacteria tend to live in enteric environments and have similar lipopolysaccharide structures.Bacteriovorax stolpii recognizes its prey by outer membrane protein receptors, which explains why Gram-positive bacteria that lack outer membranes do not serve as prey. They prey on bacteria by invading the interperiplasmic space where they feed, grow, and reproduce.Bacteriovorax stolpii used to be classified in the genus Bdellovibrio because of similar morphologies and lifestyle characteristics, however they were recognized as a new genus through phylogenetic analysis.
Bacteriovorax and Bdellovibrio genera share numerous morphological and lifestyle characteristics.Bacteriovorax and similar genera are recognized by their presence of sphingolipids, which are not widely distributed in prokaryotes.Bacteriovorax stolpii is known for the presence of sphinophosphonolipids in its membranes. The genome size of the Bacteriovorax genus has been noted from 2.0–2.6 Mb.Bacteriovorax is only predatory to Gram-negative bacteria, though they have been found in the gut of humans.Bacteriovorax and Bdellovibrio are approximately 0.2-0.4 x 0.5-1.4 μm, are aerobic, with oxygen as a terminal electron acceptor, and are mesophilic. They display a typical Gram-negative morphology and are motile by a single, polar, sheathed flagellum.
The description of Bacteriovorax stolpii is based on the original description by Seidler et al. Strain Uki2T is the only isolate described at this time and is the type strain of Bacteriovorax stolpii. This isolate has a GC content of 41±8 mol%. The optimal temperature range for growth of this organism is 15–35 °C. The major cellular fatty acids are 5:1ω8c13:0 and 13:0iso. Uki2T is sensitive to most antibiotics tested (penicillin, streptomycin, neomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin, methicillin, nalidixic acid, pteridine 0/129 and vancomycin).
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