Azdi

The Azd or Al Azd, are an Arabian tribe. They were a branch of the Kahlan tribe, which was one of the two branches of Qahtan the other being Himyar.

In the ancient times, they inhabited Ma'rib, the capital city of the Sabaean Kingdom in modern-day Yemen. Their lands were irrigated by the Ma'rib Dam, which is thought by some to have been one of the engineering wonders of the ancient world because of its size. When the dam collapsed for the third time in the 1st century CE, a large number of the Azd tribe left Yemen and migrated in many directions.

Azd is also a widely used male name in Yemen.

In the 3rd century CE the Azd branched into four sub-branches, each led by one of the sons of Amr bin Muzaiqiya

Imran bin Amr and the bulk of the tribe went to Oman, where they established the Azdi presence in Eastern Arabia. Later they invaded Karman and Shiraz in Southern Persia, and these came to be known as "Azd Daba". Another branch headed west back to Yemen, and a group went further west all the way to Tihama on the Red Sea. This group was to become known as Azd Uman after Islam.

Jafna bin Amr and his family headed for Syria, where he settled and initiated the kingdom of the Ghassanids. They were so-named after a spring of water where they stopped on their way to Syria. This branch was to produce:

The Ghassanids remained mainly Christian. Today they make up the majority of Arab Christians in Lebanon, Palestine, Jordan and Syria.

Thalabah bin Amr left his tribe Al-Azd for the Hijaz and dwelt between Thalabiyah and Dhi Qar. When he gained strength, he headed for Yathrib, where he stayed. Of his seed are the great Aws and Khazraj, sons of Haritha bin Thalabah. These were to be the Muslim Ansar and were to produce the last Arab dynasty in Spain (the Nasrids).

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