August Krogh
| August Krogh | |
|---|---|
August Krogh
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| Born |
November 15, 1874 Grenå |
| Died | September 13, 1949 (aged 74) Copenhagen |
| Nationality | Danish |
| Fields | Zoophysiology |
| Institutions | University of Copenhagen |
| Known for | Krogh's principle |
| Influences | Christian Bohr, A. Bornstein |
| Influenced | Joseph Barcroft, Torkel Weis-Fogh |
| Notable awards | Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine |
Schack August Steenberg Krogh ForMemRS (November 15, 1874 – September 13, 1949) was a Danish professor at the department of zoophysiology at the University of Copenhagen from 1916 to 1945. He contributed a number of fundamental discoveries within several fields of physiology, and is famous for developing the Krogh Principle.
In 1920 August Krogh was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the discovery of the mechanism of regulation of the capillaries in skeletal muscle. Krogh was first to describe the adaptation of blood perfusion in muscle and other organs according to demands through opening and closing the arterioles and capillaries.
Besides his contributions to medicine, Krogh was also one of the founders of what is today Novo Nordisk.
He was born in Grenaa on the island of Jutland in Denmark, the son of Viggo Krogh, a shipbuilder. He was educated at the Gymnasium Aarhus in Jutland. He attended the University of Copenhagen graduating MSc in 1899 and gaining a doctorate PhD in 1903.
Krogh was a pioneer in comparative physiology. He wrote his thesis on the respiration through the skin and lungs in frogs: Respiratory Exchange of Animals, 1915. Later Krogh took on studies of water and electrolyte homeostasis of aquatic animals and he published the books: Osmotic Regulation (1939) and Comparative Physiology of Respiratory Mechanisms (1941). He contributed more than 200 research articles in international journals. He was a constructor of scientific instruments of which several had considerable practical importance, e.g. the spirometer and the apparatus for measuring basal metabolic rate.
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