Augmentative form

An augmentative (abbreviated AUG) is a morphological form of a word which expresses greater intensity, often in size but also in other attributes. It is the opposite of a diminutive.

Since overaugmenting something often makes it grotesque, in some languages augmentatives are used primarily for comical effect or as pejoratives.

Many languages have augmentatives for nouns; some have augmentatives for verbs.

In modern English, augmentatives can be created with the prefixes:

Since the early 1990s, the prefix über- has also frequently been used as a borrowing from German. The suffix -zilla, expressing a monstrous quality, can also be considered an augmentative form.

In modern Dutch, augmentatives are usually created with the prefixes:

There are also prefixes that can be used for some adjectives:

In German, there are different ways to build augmentatives. They are rarely used prefixes:

In Swedish the way to build augmentative is to add one of many prefixes before the word. This can be done on words in most word classes. The most common prefixes are: "jätte-" (giant-), "bauta-", "mega-".

There are many synonyms to "jätte-" although only when "jätte-" means "very", not big. Some of these synonyms are: "as-", "gör-", "svin-", "skit-" and "ur-" although, as written above, these don't change the size of a noun they just change gul (yellow) to jättegul (very yellow). The use of prefixes to build augmentative is quite colloquial and is seldom used in formal text and speech. Then adjectives and adverbs are used instead.

Modern Greek has a variety of augmentative suffixes: -α, -άρα, -αράς, ΄-αρος, -άκλα, -ακλάς, ΄-ακλας.

Italian has several augmentatives:

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