Atomic clock ensemble in space

Atomic Clock Ensemble in Space (ACES) is a project led by the European Space Agency which will place ultra-stable atomic clocks on the International Space Station. Operation in the microgravity environment of the ISS will provide a stable and accurate time base for different areas of research, including general relativity and string theory tests, time and frequency metrology, and very long baseline interferometry.

The payload actually contains two clocks: a caesium laser cooled atomic fountain clock (PHARAO) developed by CNES, France for long-term stability and an active hydrogen maser (SHM) developed by Spectratime, Switzerland for short-term stability. The onboard frequency comparison between PHARAO and SHM will be a key element for the evaluation of the accuracy and the short/medium-term stability of the PHARAO clock. Further, it will allow to identify the optimal operating conditions for PHARAO and to select a compromise between frequency accuracy and stability. The mission will also be a test-bed for the space qualification of the active hydrogen maser SHM.

ACES is expected to be ready for launch in 2016 and have an 18-30 month operations phase.

The clock ensamble is planned to travel to the space station aboard a Japanese HTV by 2018, and is to be externally mounted to the ESA's Columbus Laboratory.

...
Wikipedia