Ashley Dukes (29 May 1885 – 4 May 1959) was an English playwright, critic, and theatre manager.
In 1933, he founded the Mercury Theatre, London and wrote plays that appeared in the West End and on Broadway. The Ashley Dukes Company was an important interwar promoter of serious drama, and a training ground for actors.
Dukes mounted the first theatrical performance of Murder in the Cathedral at the Mercury, driving down to Canterbury with Eliot to collect scenery and costumes. (He rejected W. B. Yeats' dramatic oeuvre for the same stage much to Yeats' annoyance.)
He was the husband of Marie Rambert, the older brother of MI6 spy Paul Dukes and pathologist Cuthbert Dukes and grandfather of poet Aidan Andrew Dun.