Arnold Toynbee
| Arnold Toynbee | |
|---|---|
Arnold Toynbee
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| Born |
23 August 1852 Savile Row, London, England |
| Died | 9 March 1883 (aged 30) Wimbledon, London, England |
| Nationality | British |
| Fields | Economic history |
| Alma mater | Balliol College, University of Oxford |
Arnold Toynbee (/ˈtɔɪnbi/; 23 August 1852 – 9 March 1883) was a British economic historian also noted for his social commitment and desire to improve the living conditions of the working classes.
Toynbee was born in London, the son of the physician Joseph Toynbee, a pioneering otolaryngologist.
Toynbee was the uncle, via his brother Harry Valpy Toynbee, of universal historian Arnold Joseph Toynbee (1889–1975). The two are often confused for each other due to the similarity of their names.
Toynbee attended public schools in Blackheath and Woolwich. In 1873 he began to study political economy at Oxford University, first at Pembroke College and from 1875 at Balliol College, where he went on to teach after his graduation in 1878. His lectures on the history of the Industrial Revolution in 18th and 19th century Britain proved widely influential; in fact, Toynbee coined, or at least effectively popularised, the term "Industrial Revolution" in the Anglophone world—in Germany and elsewhere it had been brought into circulation earlier by Friedrich Engels, also under the impression of the industrial changes in Britain.
He married Charlotte Atwood, 12 years his senior and a cousin of Harold Davidson, the famous rector of Stiffkey.
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