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Armand Emmanuel du Plessis de Richelieu

Armand-Emmanuel du Plessis de Richelieu
KOHS, KOSG
Armand Emmanuel Duke of Richelieu.jpg
2nd Prime Minister of France
In office
20 February 1820 – 14 December 1821
Monarch Louis XVIII
Preceded by Comte Decazes
Succeeded by Comte de Villèle
In office
26 September 1815 – 29 December 1818
Monarch Louis XVIII
Preceded by Charles Maurice de Talleyrand
Succeeded by Marquis Dessolles
Member of the Académie française
In office
23 March 1816 – 17 May 1822
Preceded by Antoine-Vincent Arnault
Succeeded by Bon-Joseph Dacier
Governor of Odessa
In office
8 October 1803 – 27 August 1814
Monarch Alexander I
Preceded by Paul Pustoshkin
Succeeded by Thomas A. Coble
Personal details
Born Armand Emmanuel Sophie-Septimanie Vignerot du Plessis
(1766-09-25)25 September 1766
Paris, France
Died 17 May 1822(1822-05-17) (aged 55)
Paris, France
Political party Doctrinaires
Spouse(s) Rosalie de Rochechouart (m. 1781; d. 1822)
Profession Diplomat, military officer
Signature
Military service
Allegiance  Kingdom of France
 Russian Empire
Service/branch French Royal Army
Army of Condé
Imperial Russian Army
Years of service 1785–1814
Rank Captain
Major general
Unit Dragoon
3rd Hussar Regiment
Battles/wars French Revolutionary Wars
Russo-Turkish War
Coalition Wars

Armand-Emmanuel Sophie Septimanie de Vignerot du Plessis, 5th Duke of Richelieu and Fronsac (25 September 1766 – 17 May 1822), was a prominent French statesman during the Bourbon Restoration. He was known by the courtesy title of Count of Chinon until 1788, then Duke of Fronsac until 1791, when he succeeded his father as Duke of Richelieu.

As a royalist, during the French Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars, he served as a ranking officer in the Russian Imperial Army, achieving the grade of major general. Following the Bourbon Restoration, he returned to his homeland and was twice Prime Minister of France.

He was born in Paris, the son of Antoine de Vignerot du Plessis, 4th Duke of Richelieu, and of his wife, Adélaïde de Hautefort. His father was the son and heir of King Louis XV of France's favourite, Armand de Vignerot du Plessis, 3rd Duke of Richelieu (1696–1788).

Known by the courtesy title of comte de Chinon during the lifetime of his distinguished grandfather, he was married on 4 May 1782 at the age of fifteen to Alexandrine Rosalie Sabine de Rochechouart-Faudoas (1768 – 9 December 1830), a hunchbacked child of fourteen. Immediately after the wedding, Chinon embarked upon the Grand Tour with his tutor, visiting the cities of Geneva, Florence and Vienna. Because of Rosalie's deformity, it is unlikely the marriage was ever consummated. During their long marriage, which was often punctuated with periods of extended separation, the two were never more than formal with each other.


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