Armadale, Western Australia

Armadale Perth, Western Australia
Minnawarra Park, Armadale (1991).
Armadale Location in metropolitan Perth
Coordinates	32°09′11″S 116°00′54″E / 32.153°S 116.015°E / -32.153; 116.015Coordinates: 32°09′11″S 116°00′54″E / 32.153°S 116.015°E / -32.153; 116.015
Population	12,853 (2011 census)
• Density	1,610/km2 (4,160/sq mi)
Postcode(s)	6112
Area	8 km2 (3.1 sq mi)
Location	28 km (17 mi) from Perth
LGA(s)	City of Armadale
State electorate(s)	Armadale Darling Range
Federal Division(s)	Burt
Suburbs around Armadale: Seville Grove Kelmscott Mount Nasura Haynes Armadale Bedfordale Brookdale Wungong Mount Richon

Armadale is a suburb of Perth within the City of Armadale, located on the south-eastern edge of Perth's metropolitan area. The major junction of the South Western and Albany Highways, which connect Perth with the South West and Great Southern regions of Western Australia respectively, is located within the suburb. It is also the terminus of the Armadale railway line, one of five major railway lines to service Perth. The suburb of Armadale is generally accepted as a crime hotspot in the Perth Metropolitan region.

Plentiful in natural resources, the area now known as Armadale was long occupied by Aboriginal people prior to the founding of the Swan River Colony. Records of encounters with the original Aboriginal inhabitants of this district are sparse in detail, but early on there was conflict between these inhabitants and the settlers, which led to the establishment of a small garrison at Kelmscott. The township of Kelmscott was gazetted in 1830, and for the next sixty years was the administrative and social hub for those colonists who took up land between present-day Kelmscott and Byford.

Interest in settlement at Kelmscott waned soon after the township was established, the district's inaccessibility (no road from Perth having yet been formed) and a general shortage of labour being factors mitigating against farming in that area. However, several large land grants had been taken up in the district, including one of over 8000 acres (Location 31) initially held by John Adams, and over the next few decades this allocated land presented a constraint to others seeking land for settlement in the area. Parts of these larger allocations were subdivided and on-sold, and smaller allocations were taken up alongside them. Thus, during the 1840s a number of farming properties were established in the foothills along the Canning River, Neerigin Brook, Wongong Brook and Beenyup Brook. Names of these early settlers included White, Stuart, Martin, Armstrong, and Mead.

In late 1846 the Swan River Colony's first mine was established in the area now known as Armadale. The mine was the first undertaking of the Western Australian Mining Company, formed that year, and the object was to extract lead or copper - the ores of both metals having been in evidence. Land was purchased, and over the next few years shafts were dug by contractors. There was little yield, and in 1850 shareholders resolved to wind up the operation. One of the shafts of this mining venture is still extant south of Bedfordale Hill Road.