Archbishop Makarios III
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His Beatitude Makarios III Archbishop of Nova Justiniana and All Cyprus President of the Republic of Cyprus |
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Archbishop President Makarios in New York City, United States, in 1962
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| 1st President of Cyprus | |
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In office 16 August 1960 – 15 July 1974 |
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| Vice President |
Fazıl Küçük Rauf Denktaş |
| Preceded by | Office created |
| Succeeded by | Nikos Sampson (de facto; installed as President following a coup d'état) |
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In office 7 December 1974 – 3 August 1977 |
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| Vice President | vacant |
| Preceded by | Glafcos Clerides (acting) |
| Succeeded by | Spyros Kyprianou |
| Archbishop of Cyprus | |
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In office 18 September 1950 – 3 August 1977 |
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| Preceded by | Makarios II |
| Succeeded by | Chrysostomos I |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
August 13, 1913 Panayia, Paphos, Cyprus |
| Died | August 3, 1977 (aged 63) Nicosia, Cyprus |
| Political party | Independent, aligned with DIKO |
| Alma mater |
University of Athens Boston University |
| Profession | Clergy |
| Signature |  |
Makarios III (Greek: Μακάριος Γ΄; August 13, 1913 – August 3, 1977) was a Greek Cypriot clergyman and politician, who served as the Archbishop and Primate of the Church of Cyprus (1950–1977) and as the first President of Cyprus (1960–1977). In his three terms as President he survived four assassination attempts and a coup d'état. He is widely regarded by Greek Cypriots as the Father of the Nation or "Ethnarch".
Michael Christodoulou Mouskos (Greek: Μιχαήλ Χριστοδούλου Μούσκος) was born in Panayia village in the Paphos District. In 1926, aged 13, he was admitted to Kykkos Monastery as a novice. At age 20 he was sent to the Pancyprian Gymnasium in Nicosia, where he completed his secondary education in 1936. He spent the difficult years of World War II studying theology and law at the University of Athens, graduating in 1942. He took up the duties of a priest in the Cypriot Orthodox Church while sustaining an interest in academic theology; he received a World Council of Churches scholarship to undertake further study at Boston University in Massachusetts.
In 1948, while still studying at Boston, he was elected Bishop of Kition against his will. Mouskos adopted the clerical name Makarios and returned to Cyprus. Like many public figures in the Greek Cypriot community in Cyprus, in the 1940s and 1950s he was an active supporter of enosis, the union of Cyprus with Greece.
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