Arbitration Rock

The Arbitration Rock was set in 1769 as the boundary marker between the two Long Island townships of Newtown and Bushwick. Since Newtown was in Queens County and Bushwick in Kings County, this rock the size of a Volkswagen Beetle also served to mark the dividing line between these two colonial New York counties.

An acrimonious dispute over the boundary lines between the two townships had started as far back as 1661. “The feeling ran so high than men of one community would stone those of another." To a large extent, the dispute reflected the conflict between the original Dutch settlers of Bushwick with the burgeoning English colonists of Newtown, New York.

In 1768, "a bill was passed in the legislature for a commission to draw a line to designate the boundary between the two townships." In 1769, the borderline between the two towns and counties was established measured from this large rock that would ultimately be referred to as the "Arbitration Rock." Still the dispute was not settled until 1880, when the state sent surveyors to verify the point on the old rock made in 1661.

Through the 19th century, Arbitration Rock was the official marker for property disputes and all property lines were measured from its center including the border of the New York City borough of Brooklyn, that is also Kings County of New York State. In 1898, the two towns were absorbed into a consolidated City of New York. The rock was of diminishing importance after that and by 1917, it was nearly covered with earth and debris.

New York City subsequently redrew the Brooklyn-Queens boundary in 1925 to resolve problems caused by the ruler straight Brooklyn-Queens borderline that was running through the middle of houses. Some people had kitchens in Queens and living rooms in Brooklyn, in addition to facing confusion about voting and tax rates. A grid plan was imposed on the two boroughs and the rock became redundant.

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Wikipedia