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Apollo-Soyuz

Apollo–Soyuz Test Project
Apollo-Soyuz Imagery.jpg
The Apollo spacecraft, as seen by the Soyuz crew.
Mission type Cooperative/scientific
Operator NASA
COSPAR ID 1975-066A
SATCAT no. 8032
Mission duration 9 d 01 h 28 min
Distance travelled ~5,990,000 km (3,720,000 mi)
Orbits completed 148
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft Apollo CSM-111
Launch mass 16,780 kg or 36,990 lb (total CSM and DM)
Dry mass 14,768 kg (32,558 lb) (CSM)
Payload mass 2,012 kg or 4,436 lb (Docking Module)
Crew
Crew size 3
Members
Callsign Apollo
Start of mission
Launch date 19:50:00, July 15, 1975 (UTC) (1975-07-15T19:50:00Z)
Rocket Saturn IB SA-210
Launch site Kennedy LC-39B
End of mission
Recovered by USS New Orleans
Landing date 21:18:00, July 24, 1975 (UTC) (1975-07-24T21:18:00Z)
Landing site 21°52′N 162°45′W / 21.867°N 162.750°W / 21.867; -162.750 (Apollo–Soyuz Test Project landing)
Orbital parameters
Perigee 217 km (135 mi)
Apogee 231 km (144 mi)
Inclination 51.7° or 51.75°
Period 87.6 or 88.91 minutes
Docking with Soyuz 19
Docking date First: 16:19:09, July 17, 1975 (UTC) (1975-07-17T16:19:09Z)
Undocking date Last: 15:26:12, July 19, 1975 (UTC) (1975-07-19T15:26:12Z)
Time docked 1 day, 23 hours, 07 min, 03 sec

ASTP patch.png

American ASTP crew
Left to right: Slayton, Brand, Stafford
Soyuz 19
Soyuz 19 (Apollo Soyuz Test Project) spacecraft.jpg
Soyuz 19 as seen from the Apollo.
Mission type Cooperative/scientific
COSPAR ID 1975-065A
SATCAT no. 8030
Mission duration 5 d 22 h 30 m
Distance travelled ~3,900,000 km (2,400,000 mi)
Orbits completed 96
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft type Soyuz 7K-TM
Dry mass 6,790 kg (14,970 lb)
Crew
Crew size 2
Members
Callsign Союз (Soyuz - "Union")
Start of mission
Launch date 12:20:00, July 15, 1975 (UTC) (1975-07-15T12:20:00Z)
Rocket Soyuz-U
Launch site Gagarin's Start, Baikonur Cosmodrome
End of mission
Recovered by Soviet Armed Forces
Landing date 10:50:00, July 21, 1975 (UTC) (1975-07-21T10:50:00Z)
Landing site 50°40′N 67°1′E / 50.667°N 67.017°E / 50.667; 67.017 (Apollo–Soyuz Test Project landing)
Orbital parameters
Perigee 218 km (135 mi) or 186 km (116 mi)
Apogee 231 km (144 mi) or 220 km (140 mi)
Inclination 51.76° or 51.8°
Period 88.92 or 88.5 min
Docking with Apollo CSM-111
Docking date First: 16:19:09, July 17, 1975 (UTC) (1975-07-17T16:19:09Z)
Undocking date Last: 15:26:12, July 19, 1975 (UTC) (1975-07-19T15:26:12Z)
Time docked 1 day, 23 hours, 07 min, 03 sec

ASTP-patch.png

ASTP crews
Left to right: Leonov, Kubasov
← Soyuz 18
Soyuz 20 →

ASTP patch.png

ASTP-patch.png

The Apollo–Soyuz Test Project (ASTP) (Russian: Экспериментальный полёт «Союз» — «Аполлон», Eksperimantalniy polyot Soyuz-Apollon, lit. "Experimental flight Soyuz-Apollo"), conducted in July 1975, was the first joint U.S.–Soviet space flight, as a symbol of the policy of détente that the two superpowers were pursuing at the time. It involved the docking of an Apollo Command/Service Module with the Soviet Soyuz 19. The unnumbered Apollo vehicle was a surplus from the terminated Apollo program and the last one to fly. This mission ceremoniously marked the end of the Space Race that had begun in 1957 with the Sputnik launch.

The mission included both joint and separate scientific experiments (including an engineered eclipse of the Sun by Apollo to allow Soyuz to take photographs of the solar corona), and provided useful engineering experience for future joint US–Russian space flights, such as the Shuttle–Mir Program and the International Space Station.


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