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Anglo-Ashanti War

Anglo-Ashanti wars
Part of the Scramble for Africa
Date 1823–1900
Location Ashanti Empire
Result British victory
Ashanti Empire becomes part of the Gold Coast
Belligerents

 British Empire

British-allied African states
 Ashanti Empire
Commanders and leaders
United Kingdom George IV
United Kingdom William IV
United Kingdom Victoria
United Kingdom Alexander Gordon Laing
United Kingdom Charles MacCarthy  
United Kingdom Garnet Wolseley
Osei Bonsu
Osei Yaw Akoto
Kwaku Dua I Panyin
Kofi Karikari
Mensa Bonsu
Kwaku Dua II
Prempeh I  (POW)
Strength
United Kingdom 11,000 (1st)
United Kingdom 2,500 (3rd)
United Kingdom 2,200 (4th)
United Kingdom 2,500 (5th)
20,000 (1st)
 Ashanti Empire ~12,000 (5th)
Casualties and losses
United Kingdom unknown (1st)
United Kingdom 18 killed and 185 wounded (3rd)
United Kingdom 0 (4th)
United Kingdom 1,007 (5th)
over 2,000 (1st)
unknown (3rd)
0 (4th)
 Ashanti Empire ~2,000 (5th)

 British Empire

The Anglo-Ashanti Wars were a series of five conflicts between the Ashanti Empire, in the Akan interior of the Gold Coast (now Ghana), and the invading British Empire and British-allied African states that took place between 1824 and 1901. The wars were mainly due to Ashanti attempts to establish strong control over the coastal areas of what is now Ghana. Coastal peoples, such as the Fante and the inhabitants of Accra, who were chiefly Ga, came to rely on British protection against Ashanti incursions.

The British were drawn into three earlier wars in the Gold Coast:

In the Ashanti-Fante War of 1806–07, the British refused to hand over two rebels pursued by the Ashanti, but eventually handed one over (the other escaped).

In the Ga-Fante War of 1811, the Akwapim captured a British fort at Tantamkweri and a Dutch fort at Apam.

In the Ashanti-Akim-Akwapim War of 1814–16 the Ashanti defeated the Akim-Akwapim alliance. Local British, Dutch, and Danish authorities all had to come to terms with the Ashanti. By 1817, the Ashanti, who had an army of 20,000, had become the strongest power in West Africa, so the (British) African Company of Merchants signed a treaty of friendship that recognized Ashanti claims to sovereignty over much of the coast. The African Company of Merchants was dissolved in 1821 and the British assumed control of the Gold Coast.


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