Ancud
| Ancud | ||||||
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| City and Commune | ||||||
Partial view of Ancud
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| Coordinates (city): 41°52′S 73°50′W / 41.867°S 73.833°WCoordinates: 41°52′S 73°50′W / 41.867°S 73.833°W | ||||||
| Country | Chile | |||||
| Region | Los Lagos | |||||
| Province | Chiloé | |||||
| Founded as | San Carlos de Chiloé | |||||
| Founded | 20 August 1768 | |||||
| Government | ||||||
| • Type | Municipality | |||||
| • Alcalde | Soledad Moreno Nuñez (Ind) | |||||
| Area | ||||||
| • Total | 1,252.4 km2 (483.6 sq mi) | |||||
| Elevation | 0 m (0 ft) | |||||
| Population (2012 Census) | ||||||
| • Total | 40,819 | |||||
| • Density | 33/km2 (84/sq mi) | |||||
| • Urban | 27,292 | |||||
| • Rural | 12,654 | |||||
| Demonym(s) | Ancuditian | |||||
| Sex | ||||||
| • Men | 19,793 | |||||
| • Women | 20,153 | |||||
| Time zone | CLT (UTC−4) | |||||
| • Summer (DST) | CLST (UTC−3) | |||||
| Area code(s) | 56 + 65 | |||||
| Website |
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Ancud (Spanish pronunciation: [aŋˈkuð]) is a city in southern Chile located in the northernmost part of the island and province of Chiloé, in Los Lagos Region. It is the second largest city of Chiloé Archipelago after Castro. The city was established in 1768 to function as the capital of the archipelago and held that position until 1982.
Numerous glaciations have dredged the Chacao Channel to the north, separating Chiloé Island from mainland Chile to the north, marking the border between two natural regions of Chile, Zona Sur to the north and Zona Austral to the south. The Pacific Ocean lies on the west as the Chilean Coastal Range continues as a chain of islands. To the southeast of the commune is Quemchi and Dalcahue to the south. The commune has a surface area of 1,752.4 km2 (677 sq mi).
As consequence of the Seven Years' War the Spanish authorities had the coastal fortification system of Chile updated and expanded. Inspired in the recommendations of former governor Antonio Narciso de Santa María the Spanish founded the "city-fort" of Ancud in 1767–1768 and separated Chiloé from the Captaincy General of Chile into a direct dependency of the Viceroyalty of Peru. As with other 18th century forts in Chile the establishment of Ancud led through the new Ancud-Castro road to an expansion on local trade and agriculture.
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