Amadu III of Masina
| Amadu III of Masina | |
|---|---|
| Amadu mo Amadu mo Amadu Lobbo | |
| Alamami of the Massina Empire | |
|
In office 1852 – 16 May 1862 |
|
| Preceded by | Amadu II of Masina |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1830 |
| Died | 16 May 1862 (aged 31) |
Amadu III of Masina (Arabic: Aḥmad bin Aḥmad bin Aḥmad Lobbo, Fula: Āmadu mo Āmadu mo Āmadu Lobbo), also known as Amadu Amadu (1830 - 16 May 1862) was the third and last ruler of the theocratic Massina Empire (Diina of Hamdullahi) in the Inner Niger Delta, now the Mopti Region of Mali. He was elected as successor to his father, Amadu II of Masina, in 1853. Throughout most of his rule he was involved in conflict with the jihadist al-Hajj 'Umar Tall, who defeated and executed him on 16 May 1862.
Amadu III was the grandson of the founder of the Diina of Hamdullahi, Seku Amadu. Some time between 1810 and 1818 Seku Amadu (Aḥmad bin Muḥammad bin Abi Bakr Lobbo) launched a jihad against the Fulbe chiefs in Masina, tributaries of the pagan Bambara of Segu, whom he accused of idolatry. The goals of the jihad soon expanded to that of conquest of the Bambara and others in the region. Aḥmad bin Muḥammad established a large empire based on Hamdallahi, which he had founded as the capital. He received support from Tukolor and Fulbe people who were seeking independence from the Bamabara, although later he met resistance from these people when he imposed a rigorous Islamic theocracy based on the Maliki interpretation of Sharia law. The state was ruled by a council of forty elders, who gave directions to provincial governors. Most of the governors were related to Aḥmad bin Muḥammad. When Aḥmad bin Muḥammad died in 1844, he was succeeded by his son Aḥmad bin Aḥmad (Amadu II), father of Amadu III.
Ahmadu II was killed in 1852 during a raid on the Bambara. He had nominated his son as his successor. In 1853 Amadu III was elected to the position of Almami of the Diina in accordance with his father's wishes. Another candidate for election, Ba Lobbo, was passed over but remained influential as a member of the Tijani faction at court. Ba Lobbo was Amadu's uncle, and a leader in the army.
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