Aluminium diethyl phosphinate
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| Names | |
|---|---|
| Other names
Diethyl phosphinic acid aluminium salt,
Diethyl phosphinic acid aluminium salt, Exolit OP 1240, Exolit OP 930, Exolit OP 1230, Exolit OP 935 |
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| Identifiers | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.109.377 |
| Properties | |
| ((C2H5)2PO2)3Al | |
| Molar mass | 390.3 g/mol |
| Appearance | White powder |
| Density | 1.35 g/cm3, solid |
| Melting point | Decomposes, see text |
| 2000 mg/l at 25°C | |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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| Infobox references | |
Aluminium diethyl phosphinate is a chemical compound with formula Al(C
4H
10O
2P3). It decomposes above 300 °C.
In the family of dialkyl phosphinic acid salts, aluminium diethyl phosphinate has been found to be an excellent flame retardant for use in engineering plastics such as polyamides, polyesters, thermosets and elastomers. It was developed by Hoechst, later by Clariant chemicals and Ticona. In 2004 and 2012, Clariant chemicals opened its first and second commercial production lines respectively in Huerth-Knapsack near Cologne. Aluminium diethyl phosphinate acts as a flame retardant in the condensed phase in contributing to charring of the polymer matrix and thus protecting the substrate against heat and oxygen attack. In parallel it acts in the gas phase by radical reactions removing from the combustion zone the high energy radicals H. and OH., which determine flame propagation and heat release. The phosphinate partly vaporises and partly decomposes to volatile diethyl phosphinic acid and an aluminium phosphate residue, which acts as a barrier for fuel and heat transport. Aluminium diethyl phosphinate is used as a halogen-free flame retardant for polyamides, polyesters, thermoset resins (e.g. epoxies) in electrical engineering and electronics (E&E) applications for switches, plugs, PC fans, and structural and housing components. Smartphones, washing machines, and airplane parts, among others, contain the product. Other applications include thermosetting resins and adhesives as well as cable sheaths and insulation made from thermoplastic elastomers. Aluminium diethyl phosphinate can give these plastics flame retardant properties that are otherwise only achievable with expensive high-performance plastics, which are less easy to work with. Aluminium diethyl phosphinate is often used in combination with other halogen-free flame retardant additives like melamine polyphosphate or melamine cyanurate.
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