Alexandria Eschate
Coordinates: 40°15′N 69°38′E / 40.250°N 69.633°E
Alexandria Eschate or Alexandria Eskhata (Greek Ἀλεξάνδρεια Ἐσχάτη), literally "Alexandria the Farthest", was a city founded by Alexander the Great, at the south-western end of the Fergana Valley (modern Tajikistan) in August 329 BCE. It was the most northerly outpost of the Greek Empire in Central Asia. Alexandria Eschate was established on the south bank of the river Jaxartes (Syr Darya), at or close to the site of modern Khujand (Хуҷанд; خجند).
According to the Roman writer Curtius, Alexandria Ultima retained its Hellenistic culture as late as 30 BCE.
A country known as Dayuan or Ta-yuan (literally: "Great Ionians") in ancient Chinese sources is generally believed to be Alexandria Eschate, or a successor state.
As with most other cities founded by Alexander, a group of retired and/or wounded veterans from his army was settled there.
Because Alexandria Eschate was surrounded by Sogdian tribes, and was about 300 km (186 mi) north of the nearest Greek settlement, at Alexandria on the Oxus in Bactria, the Greeks built a 6.0 kilometres (3.7 mi) wall around the city which, according to the ancient authors, was completed in about 20 days. It experienced numerous conflicts with the local population.
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